Choose the correct answer for each question. You should aim for 90% or more for this quiz

1. True or false? In sociology validity means the same as reliability.

   1.   ?    False
   2.   ?    True

2. Which two of the following would affect validity?

   1. An interviewer influences a respondent's answers because the respondent wants to appear "normal"
   2. An observer influences a group because they change their behaviour when they are being watched
   3. A researcher cannot repeat research because an interview was unstructured
   Is this the right answer

3. What is interviewer bias? (choose one answer)

   1. When an interviewer makes assumptions about the respondent
   2. When the interviewer codes answers inaccurately
   3. When an interviewer influences a respondent because s/he wants to give socially acceptable answers
   Is this the right answer

4. How can validity be affected in using a postal questionnaire? (choose two answers)

   1. What the respondent can answer is restricted by pre-coded responses
   2. The researcher cannot repeat the research
   3. The respondent is anonymous
   Is this the right answer

5. How can validity be affected when using secondary data? (choose one answer)

   1. It is difficult to repeat the research
   2. Some people may have been left out of the data
   3. The data presents an inaccurate picture of what is happening
   Is this the right answer

6. True or false? Validity means the same thing to positivist and interpretist researchers (choose one answer)

   1. True
   2. False
   Is this the right answer

7. Why do interpretist researchers consider participant observation to be a good method for obtaining valid data? (choose two answers)

   1. Because it gives an insider's view by seeing the world as participants do
   2. Because it provides detailed indepth information over a long period of time
   3. Because participants do not know they are being observed
   Is this the right answer

8. How can researchers improve validity? (choose one answer)

   1. By using more than one method and checking the results from different methods against each other
   2. By only using one method
   3. By always using statistics
   Is this the right answer

9. How could observation be used to check the validity of data which is collected using interviews? (choose one answer)

   1. By seeing whether what people say in interviews is the same as what they do
   2. By repeating the interview questions using observation
   Is this the right answer

10. Why do positivist researchers consider participant observation to be an invalid method for collecting information? (choose one answer)

    1. This method relies on the interpretation and experience of a researcher
    2. This method collects detailed information
    3. The sample or case study is small
    Is this the right answer