Choose the correct answer for each question. You should aim for 90% or more for this quiz

1. Which four of the following are sociological explanations of working class under-achievement in education?

   1. Intelligence
   2. Cultural differences in home background
   3. The formal curriculum in schools
   4. The hidden curriculum in schools
   5. The structure of the labour market
   Is this the right answer

2. True or false? Working class children have under-achieved in education throughout the last 50 years?

   1. True
   2. False
   Is this the right answer

3. Which three of the following are cultural factors identified by sociologists as contributing to the under-achievement of the working class child?

   1. Low intelligence
   2. Poverty
   3. Working class values
   4. Money
   5. Housing
   6. Language
   7. Socialisation practices
   Is this the right answer

4. According to J.W.B. Douglas, what was the most important factor associated with working class failure in school?

   1. Working class subculture
   2. Parents' attitudes
   3. Teachers' expectations
   4. Low intelligence
   Is this the right answer

5. According to Halsey, how did material deprivation affect working class children in education? (choose one answer)

   1. They were more likely to leave school at 16
   2. They did not have the money to go to private schools
   3. They lacked the resources for private tutors
   Is this the right answer

6. Which one of the following is a definition of under-achievement?

   1. A social group does less well than other groups
   2. A group or individual does less than would be expected on the basis of ability
   3. A group does less well than people think it should
   4. A group does less well than it used to
   Is this the right answer

7. Which three of the following values have been identified by Hyman and Sugarman as part of a working class subculture?

   1. Deferred gratification
   2. Fatalism
   3. Less emphasis on high-status jobs
   4. The importance of money
   5. Short-term gratification
   Is this the right answer

8. True or false? Researchers have found that working class children cannot speak properly and that this damages their education

   1. True
   2. False
   Is this the right answer

9. Why is the culture of the working class seen as a problem for cultural deprivation theorists? (choose one answer)

   1. Working class children cannot speak properly
   2. Working class children are less intelligent
   3. Working class culture is inferior to that of the middle class
   4. Working class culture lacks something which is valued by schools
   Is this the right answer

10. In studying the home background of the working class child, researchers such as Douglas and Halsey have used what type of research strategies? (choose three answers)

    1. Positivist
    2. Surveys with large samples
    3. Ethnographies
    4. Participant observation
    5. Quantitative data
    6. Qualitative data
    Is this the right answer